Everything about Monoclinic Crystal System totally explained
In
crystallography, the
monoclinic crystal system is one of the 7 lattice
point groups. A crystal system is described by three
vectors. In the monoclinic system, the
crystal is described by vectors of unequal length, as in the
orthorhombic system. They form a rectangular
prism with a
parallelogram as base. Hence two pairs of vectors are perpendicular, while the third pair make an angle other than 90°.
There exist two monoclinic
Bravais lattices: the simple monoclinic and the centered monoclinic lattices, with layers with a rectangular and rhombic lattice, respectively.
image:Monoclinic.svg|Simple monoclinic
image:Monoclinic-base-centered.svg|Centered monoclinic
The
crystal classes that fall under this crystal system are listed below, followed by their representations in international notation and
Schoenflies notation, and
mineral examples.
The number of
space groups for each crystal class is 6, 3, and 4, respectively.
The three monoclinic hemimorphic space groups are as follows:
- a prism with as cross-section wallpaper group p2
- ditto with screw axes instead of axes
- ditto with screw axes as well as axes, parallel, in between; in this case an additional translation vector is one half of a translation vector in the base plane plus one half of a perpendicular vector between the base planes
The four monoclinic hemihedral space groups include
- those with pure reflection at the base of the prism and halfway
- those with glide planes instead of pure reflection planes; the glide is one half of a translation vector in the base plane
- those with both in between each other; in this case an additional translation vector is this glide plus one half of a perpendicular vector between the base planes.
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